Table 1.

Distribution of participants according to socioeconomic and household characteristics (Brazil 2008)

Characteristics	Per cent	95% CI
Sex
Male	50.4	48.6 to 52.3
Female	49.6	47.7 to 51.4
Age (years)
15–16	40.9	39.1 to 42.7
17–19	59.1	57.0 to 60.8
Self-declared race/skin colour
White	44.7	43.1 to 46.4
Black	6.5	5.6 to 7.4
Brown	48.1	46.4 to 49.8
Other*	0.7	0.3 to 0.8
School delay (years)
None	54.0	52.3 to 55.7
One	12.5	11.3 to 13.7
Two	10.5	9.3 to 11.5
Three or more	23.0	21.5 to 24.4
Social status
Full student	46.3	44.4 to 48.1
Only working or working and studying	40.2	38.4 to 42.0
Neither studying/neither working	13.5	12.2 to 14.7
Household per capita income
5° quintile (highest)	20.8	19.3 to 22.3
4° quintile	20.7	19.2 to 22.2
3° quintile	19.9	18.3 to 21.3
2° quintile	18.9	17.5 to 20.3
1° quintile (lowest)	19.7	18.2 to 20.9
Head of the household schooling (years)
0–8	55.9	54.2 to 57.7
9–11	16.8	15.4 to 18.1
12–14	21.6	20.1 to 23.1
15+	5.7	4.7 to 6.4
Female-headed household
No	62.2	64.4 to 63.9
Yes	37.8	36.0 to 39.5
Urban/rural dwelling
Urban	82.9	81.6 to 84.2
Rural	17.1	15.7 to 18.3
Number of smokers
Zero	65.5	63.7 to 67.2
One	25.3	23.6 to 26.8
Two	8.1	7.1 to 9.1
Three or more	1.1	0.7 to 1.5
Household smoking rule
Not allowed	46.4	44.5 to 48.1
Generally not allowed	13.3	12.0 to 14.5
Allowed	40.3	38.5 to 42.1

Source: Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD, 2008) and GATS, 2008.

*Included Asian descendent and Indigenous.

GATS, Global Adult Tobacco Survey; PNAD, Pesquisa Nacional por Amostragem de Domicilio.