Table 1.

Relations of Baseline ambulatory and office Heart Rates considered as continuous measures to cardiovascular events in 7600 hypertensive patients. Hazard ratios (95% CI) for a 10 beat/min increment in heart rates or a 10% increment in the night:day ratio are given.

Model	24-hour HR	Daytime HR	Night-time HR	Night:day ratio*	Office HR
Adjusted for age and sex	1.17 (1.07–1.26) p <0.001	1.12 (1.04–1.21) p =0.005	1.21 (1.12–1.30) p <0.001	1.15 (1.05–1.25) p=0.002	1.08 (1.00–1.15) p=0.043
Adjusted for age, sex and baseline systolic blood pressure	1.12 (1.02–1.22) p =0.013	1.10 (1.01–1.19) p =0.025	1.12 (1.04–1.21) p =0.006	1.06 (0.97–1.16) p=0.21†	1.06 (0.99–1.14) p=0.10
Adjusted for age, sex and all risk factors‡	1.11 (1.00–1.20) p =0.031	1.08 (0.99–1.18) p =0.069	1.13 (1.04–1.22) p =0.007	1.07 (0.97–1.17) p =0.18†	1.06 (0.98–1.13) p =0.14

HR indicates heart rate.

^*Adjusted also for average 24-hour heart rate.

^†Adjusted also for night:day ratio of systolic blood pressure.

^‡Systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, and serum creatinine.

Diastolic blood pressure, body mass index and alcohol use were found to be non significant in the multivariable Cox models.