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Antipsychotic and tetrabenazine neuroprotective effects in Huntington’s disease models.
| Neuroprotective action | D2 antagonist antipsychotics | Trifluoperazine | Haloperidol | Loxapine | Tetrabenazine |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Huntingtin clearance | + | + | |||
| AP-1 DNA binding | |||||
| Histone acetylation | |||||
| p53 | |||||
| MiR-222 | |||||
| Mitochondria | + | + | + | ||
| Apoptosis | + | + | |||
| Neurogenesis | |||||
| BDNF | |||||
| Striatal preservation | + | + | |||
| Cognitive integrity | |||||
| Motor integrity | + | ||||
| Delay of disease onset | |||||
| Enhanced survival |
