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. 2013 Nov 7;2013:685641. doi: 10.1155/2013/685641

Table 1.

Current recommendations edited by international scientific organizations for the use of serum cancer biomarkers in clinical oncology.

Expert panel Recommendation Year of publication Reference
ASCO The use of CA15-3 and CEA is not recommended for routine surveillance of patients with breast cancer after primary therapy 2013 [52]

ESMO Serum tumor markers (such as CA15-3 and/or CEA), if initially elevated, may be helpful in monitoring response, particularly in the case of nonmeasurable disease. However, a change in tumor markers alone should not be used as the only determinant for treatment decisions 2012 [53]

ACR Localizing “occult” disease especially in the presence of clinical indicators such as elevated tumor markers 2012 [54]

EANM Establishing and localizing disease sites as a cause for elevated serum markers (e.g., colorectal, thyroid, ovarian, cervix, melanoma, breast, and germ-cell tumours) 2010 [55]

NACB CEA and CA15-3 are useful for therapy monitoring especially in patients with nonevaluable disease 2008 [56]

EGTM CA15-3 and CEA are the most useful serum markers in patients with breast cancer. Serial determinations of these markers are useful in assessing prognosis, early detection of relapse (metastasis), and therapy monitoring 2005 [57]