Table 4.
Adjusted differences in visit-to-visit and 24-hour average real variability of systolic blood pressure (top panel) and diastolic blood pressure (bottom panel) associated with participant characteristics.
| Systolic blood pressure | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, gender, race, ethnicity, and mean SBP adjusted | Fully adjusted | |||
| ARVVVV β (SE) | ARV24 β (SE) | ARVVVV β (SE) | ARV24 β (SE) | |
| Age, per 10 years | 0.34 (0.29) | 0.22 (0.19) | 0.30 (0.31) | 0.19 (0.20) |
| Men | −0.58 (0.59) | 0.46 (0.37) | −0.57 (0.65) | 0.59 (0.40) |
| Black | −0.74 (1.08) | −0.74 (0.71) | −1.02 (1.15) | −0.46 (0.74) |
| Hispanic | 2.32 (1.07)* | 0.27 (0.70) | 2.40 (1.09)* | 0.21 (0.71) |
| Diabetes status | ||||
| Normal fasting glucose | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) |
| Impaired fasting glucose | 0.40 (0.56) | 0.53 (0.37) | 0.38 (0.58) | 0.39 (0.37) |
| Diabetes | 1.47 (1.20) | 0.35 (0.79) | 1.38 (1.24) | −0.13 (0.81) |
| Abdominal obesity | −0.36 (0.60) | 0.30 (0.38) | −0.64 (0.68) | −0.16 (0.42) |
| Elevated c-reactive protein | 0.03 (0.66) | 0.89 (0.43)* | 0.04 (0.76) | 0.98 (0.49)* |
| Albuminuria, per two fold higher level | 0.42 (0.28) | 0.31 (0.18) | 0.38 (0.29) | 0.29 (0.19) |
| Mean clinic SBP, per 10 mmHg | 0.96 (0.28)*** | 1.04 (0.30)*** | ||
| Mean 24-hour SBP, per 10 mmHg | 0.55 (0.20)** | 0.49 (0.21)* | ||
| Diastolic blood pressure | ||||
| Age, gender, race, ethnicity, and mean SBP adjusted | Fully adjusted | |||
| ARVVVV | ARV24 | ARVVVV | ARV24 | |
| β (SE) | β (SE) | β (SE) | β (SE) | |
| Age, per 10 years | −0.22 (0.21) | 0.09 (0.14) | −0.23 (0.22) | 0.09 (0.15) |
| Men | 0.22 (0.43) | −0.05 (0.29) | 0.25 (0.47) | 0.11 (0.30) |
| Black | 0.86 (0.80) | 0.08 (0.54) | 0.84 (0.86) | 0.09 (0.58) |
| Hispanic | 0.30 (0.80) | 0.31 (0.54) | 0.29 (0.83) | 0.32 (0.56) |
| Diabetes status | ||||
| Normal fasting glucose | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) |
| Impaired fasting glucose | −0.04 (0.43) | 0.05 (0.29) | −0.02 (0.44) | −0.06 (0.30) |
| Diabetes | 0.98 (0.91) | 0.66 (0.62) | 1.16 (0.94) | 0.35 (0.63) |
| Abdominal obesity | 0.09 (0.45) | 0.40 (0.28) | 0.29 (0.51) | 0.19 (0.32) |
| Elevated c-reactive protein | −0.35 (0.50) | 0.58 (0.33) | −0.62 (0.58) | 0.44 (0.39) |
| Albuminuria, per two fold higher level | 0.0 (0.21) | 0.19 (0.14) | −0.03 (0.22) | 0.16 (0.15) |
| Mean clinic DBP, per 10 mmHg | 0.38 (0.29) | 0.35 (0.31) | ||
| Mean 24-hour DBP, per 10 mmHg | −0.11 (0.19) | −0.14 (0.20) | ||
β
(SE) is the difference in the standard deviation (standard error) from linear regression models.
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
***
p<0.001
SD – standard deviation, SBP – systolic blood pressure
Fully adjusted includes all variables listed.