. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 30.

Published in final edited form as: Psychiatry Res. 2013 Sep 27;214(3):10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.06.013. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.06.013

Table 1.

Demographic information and clinical variables.

	BDd	UDd	HC	Overall significance^*	Pair-wise comparisons (d.f.=18)
Mean age (years)	15.6 ± 0.9	15.9 ± 1.1	15.6 ± 1.2	p = 0.6, F=0.4	–
Gender (females)	80%	80%	80%	p = 0.6, F=0	–
Race (White)	70%	70%	70%	p = 1, F=0.4	–
Family history of BD (%)	90%	0%	0%	–	–
BD subtypes	5 BD I, 5 BD II	N/A	N/A	–	–
Comorbid ADHD	30%	20%	0%	p = 0.2, F=1.7	–
Comorbid anxiety disorders	70%	60%	0%	p = 0.001, ×² =8.6	BDd > HC, ×² = 10.8^**UDd > HC, ×² = 8.6^**
Mean duration of the current depressive episode (weeks)	8.1 ± 6.3	13.8 ± 6.2	–	p = 0.06, F=4.2	–
Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R)	74.5 ± 12.8	65.8 ± 13.3	19.1 ± 1.8	p = 0.0001, F=78.4	BDd > HC, t=13.7^**UDd > HC, t= 11.1^**
Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED)	34.3 ± 17.8	28.1 ± 14.7	2.2 ± 1.4	p = 0.0001, F=16.2	BDd > HC, t=5.7^**UDd > HC, t=5.5^**
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)	2.5 ± 2.1	2.2 ± 1.1	0.8 ± 0.8	p = 0.003, F = 7.5	BDd > HC, t=3.8^**UDd > HC, t=3.2^**
Mean of the Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-Severity	5.5 ± 0.5	5 ± 0.8	1	p = 0.0001, F =190.2	BDd > HC, t=26.9^**UDd > HC, t=15.5^**

BDd: bipolar disorder in depressed state, UDd: unipolar major depressive disorder in depressed state, HC: healthy controls, N/A: not available, ADHD: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Significance level was set at p < 0.05. Standard deviation is reported after ±. Statistical values, significance levels, and d.f. (degrees of freedom) are presented in the table. Group differences are shown in bold in the table and indicated by asterisks

^**

for a significance level of p < 0.01.