Increased epithelial proliferation in Spry CKO eyelids. Cell proliferation in E14.5 Cre- (A, C) and Spry CKO (B, D) eyelids was assessed by a BrdU incorporation assay and the BrdU labeling index was quantified (E). Palpebral cojunctival epithelial cells of lower and upper eyelids and bulbar conjunctival epithelial cells of lower eyelids showed significant increases in proliferation. Error bars, SEM. 35S-labeled cyclin D1 (F–I) and cyclin D2 (J–M) riboprobes were hybridized to sections of E14.5 Cre- and Spry CKO mutant embryos. The dotted lines delineate the boundary between the epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Cyclin D1 levels were increased in the palpebral conjunctival cells of upper (G, arrow) and lower (I, arrow) eyelids. Cyclin D2 levels were increased in the bulbar conjunctival cells of upper (K, arrow) and lower (M, arrow) eyelids. Abbreviations; bc, bulbar conjunctiva; l, lens; pc, palpebral conjunctiva; pe, palpebral epidermis; r, retina. Scale bar in (L): (A–D) 50 μm; (F–M) 100 μm.