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. 2013 Dec 9;8(12):e83903. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083903

Figure 4. Overexpression of HDAC4 impairs LTM.

Figure 4

In all cases, HDAC4 expression was restricted to the adult brain with the TARGET system. A, B. Courtship activity of naïve males was not altered by OK107-GAL4 mediated overexpression of HDAC4 (ANOVA, p=0.377) (A), but LTM was significantly impaired (ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey’s HSD, *p<0.05) (B). C. STM tested one hour following a one-hour training session was not significantly different between control and HDAC4-overexpressing males (ANOVA, p=0.12). D. Overexpression with α/β and γ lobe driver MB247 significantly impaired LTM (Student’s t-test, two-tailed, unpaired, **p<0.01). E. No significant impairment in LTM occurred when MB expression of HDAC4 was restricted to the α/β lobes with the c739 driver (Student’s t-test, two-tailed, unpaired, p=0.156). F. LTM was also not impaired when FLAG-HDAC4 was expressed in the α'/β' lobes with the c305a driver (Student’s t-test, two-tailed, unpaired, p=0.630), G. 1471-GAL4 driven expression of FLAG-HDAC4 in the γ lobe resulted in a significant LTM deficit (Student’s t-test, two-tailed, unpaired, **p<0.01). H. OK107-GAL4 mediated expression of FLAG-HDAC4 H968A was induced in adult brains with the TARGET system. Whole-mount brains were processed for immunohistochemistry against FLAG, which detects HDAC4 H968A in the mushroom body (upper image). No expression was observed when flies were raised and maintained at 19°C (lower image). Scale bar = 50 μm. I. Expression of HDAC4 H986A in the MB impaired LTM (ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey’s HSD *p<0.5, **p<0.05).