Abnormal stimulation of TGF-β signaling pathways in ILK-deficient dermal fibroblasts. Primary dermal fibroblasts isolated from Ilkf/f mice24 were infected with adenovirus encoding β-galactosidase (ILK-expressing) or Cre recombinase (ILK-deficient), and, 72 h later, were treated with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL). Cell lysates were prepared after 1 h, resolved by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and analyzed by immunoblot with the indicated antibodies. The levels of GAPDH were used to normalize for loading. GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphodehydrogenase.