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Absolute quantification of mRNA expression of Na+/K+-ATPase α3 (nkaα3) in the gills of Himantura signifer. mRNA expression (copies of transcript per ng cDNA; N = 4) of nkaα3 in gills of H. signifer kept in fresh water (FW, control) or exposed to brackish water (salinity 20) for 1 or 6 d after a progressive increase in salinity. Results represent means ± s.e.m. Means not sharing the same letter are significantly different (p < 0.05).
