Mean (+/− SEM) densities of Fos-positive cells following ICV injections of OTA. In females exposed to male odors, ICV injections of a selective oxytocin receptor antagonist (OTA) reduced the density of Fos-positive cells in both the posteromedial (BNSTpm) and posterointermediate (BNSTpi) subdivisions of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, as compared to saline injections (A, B). This effect was not seen in females exposed to female odors. Although there was an overall increase in the density of Fos-positive cells in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) and the anterior (MeA) and posterior (MeP) divisions of the medial amygdala in response to male vs. female odors, there was no effect of OTA on Fos expression within these areas (C–E). *p < .05, OTA vs. saline in the male odor condition.