Table 2.
Toddler Care Characteristics at 24 Months
| Overall | Low Income | Middle Income | Low/Middle Income Differences | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type of Care | N | 8950 | 4200 | 4750 | |
| Parental care only | 51% | 58% | 45% | F(1, 8950)= 86.38*** | |
| Relative Care | 18% | 20% | 17% | F(1, 8950)= 6.07* | |
| Non-Relative Care | 15% | 10% | 19% | F(1, 8950)= 80.61*** | |
| Center Care | 16% | 12% | 19% | F(1, 8950)= 46.07*** | |
| Hrs/Week in Any Nonparental Care | n | 4450 | 1800 | 2650 | F(1, 4450)= 3.89 |
| 32.36 (15.36) | 33.05 (15.37) | 31.90 (15.34) | |||
| Hrs/Week in Relative Care | n | 1750 | 850 | 900 | F(1, 1750)= .75 |
| 31.65 (16.17) | 31.99 (15.85) | 31.32 (16.47) | |||
| Hrs/Week in Non-Relative Care | n | 1300 | 400 | 900 | F(1, 1300)= 1.59 |
| 31.93 (14.79) | 30.92 (14.16) | 32.38 (15.06) | |||
| Hrs/Week in Center Care | n | 1350 | 550 | 800 | F(1, 1350)= 19.02*** |
| 33.59 (14.84) | 36.59 (14.36) | 31.96 (14.85) | |||
| Child Care Qualitya | n | 1400 | 600 | 800 | χ2 (1, N= 1400) =38.17*** |
| Low Quality Observed Care (1–3) | 26% | 43% | 16% | ||
| Medium Quality Observed Care (>3–5) | 61% | 48% | 69% | ||
| High Quality Observed Care (>5–7) | 13% | 9% | 15% | ||
| Center Care (ITERS Total) | n | 600 | 250 | 350 | F(1, 600)= 1.80 |
| 4.24 (.99) | 4.16 (1.08) | 4.29 (.93) | |||
| Home-based Care (FDCRS Total) | n | 800 | 350 | 450 | F(1, 800)= 119.96*** |
| 3.47 (1.02) | 2.96 (.99) | 3.82 (.88) |
Note.
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01,
***
p < 0.001.
Weighted Means using ECLS-B weight W2C0 for variables with N of 8900 and W22P0 for observed quality variables. Ns were rounded to the nearest 50.
a
Quality was measured by the score from the ITERS (center care) or FDCRS (family day care).