Figure 3.

Interaction between DHT and GnRH on PACAP (A) and PAC1 (B) gene expression. The GnRHR (C) and FSHβ (D) mRNA levels were also analyzed. Dispersed cells were treated with vehicle or 100 nmol/L DHT for 6 or 24 hours, and 100 nmol/L GnRH analog (or equal volume of H₂O as control) was included for the last 6 hours of incubation. The samples were then processed and measured as described in Figure 1. Bars represent the mean ± standard error of the mean of each group (n ≥ 3). Bars at the same time point with different letters vary significantly (P < .05). DHT indicates dihydrotestosterone; FSHβ, follicle-stimulating hormone β; GnRH, gonadotropin-releasing hormone; mRNA, messenger RNA; PACAP, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide; PAC1, PACAP receptor.