Table 1.
Global Methylation Level in Specimens (Placenta and Umbilical Cord Blood) and Demographic Characteristics of Mothers.
| Global Methylation Level | Mean (SD) Range |
|---|---|
| Placenta tissue | 57.1 (3.4) 43.1-63.1 |
| Umbilical cord blood | 69.2 (7.6) 48.3-80.2 |
| Demographic Characteristics | N (%) or Mean (SD) Range |
| Mother’s ethnicity | |
| Black | 13 (26) |
| Latina | 31 (62) |
| White | 3 (6) |
| Asian | 3 (6) |
| Mother’s educational attainment | |
| Primary school education | 1 (2) |
| Some high school/dropout | 17 (34) |
| High-school graduate or GED | 10 (20) |
| Some college | 12 (24) |
| Associate degree | 4 (8) |
| BA | 4 (8) |
| Graduate degree | 2 (4) |
| Mother’s marital status at delivery | |
| Married | 13 (26) |
| Single | 36 (72) |
| Widowed | 1 (2) |
| Mother’s problems during pregnancy | |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) | 7 (14) |
| Preeclampsia | 5 (10) |
| Obesity | 17 (34) |
| Offspring’s gender | |
| Male | 29 (58) |
| Female | 21 (42) |
| Maternal age | 24.4 (5.7) 15-41 |
Abbreviations: GED, General Educational Development; SD, standard deviation.