Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients according to the presence or absence of angiographic collaterals
| Characteristic | No Collaterals (n=173) | Collaterals (n=96) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) mean +/− SD | 60 (+/− 12) | 62 (+/− 11) | 0.086 |
| Men | 116 (67%) | 76 (79%) | 0.035 |
| Hypertension * | 138 (80%) | 71 (74%) | 0.273 |
| Hyperlipidemia † | 138 (80%) | 82 (85%) | 0.25 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 63 (36%) | 31 (32%) | 0.497 |
| Current smoker | 57 (33%) | 26 (27%) | 0.318 |
| Former smoker | 49 (28%) | 37 (39%) | 0.085 |
| Prior angina | 76 (44%) | 34 (36%) | 0.195 |
| Prior MI | 54 (31%) | 27 (28%) | 0.597 |
| Prior PCI | 51 (30%) | 25 (26%) | 0.530 |
| Prior CABG | 10 (6%) | 16 (17%) | 0.004 |
| History of CHF | 26 (15%) | 11 (11%) | 0.415 |
| History of arrhythmia | 11 (6%) | 7 (7%) | 0.769 |
| Prior stroke | 12 (7%) | 9 (9%) | 0.475 |
| Family history of CAD | 75 (44%) | 46 (48%) | 0.496 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 23 (13%) | 23 (24%) | 0.026 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction ‡ | 0.872 | ||
| Normal | 90 (52%) | 49 (51%) | |
| Mild-moderately depressed | 30 (17%) | 20 (21%) | |
| Severely depressed | 8 (5%) | 2 (2%) | |
| Labs | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 159 [136–196] | 170 [143–235] | 0.073 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 95 [77–124] | 108 [87–147] | 0.025 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 35 [27–41] | 34 [28–43] | 0.886 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 124 [79–199] | 139 [86–211] | 0.429 |
| Troponin I (ng/mL) | 0.98 [0.13–4.88] | 1.0 [0.16–8.38] | 0.515 |
| Medications | |||
| Aspirin | 157 (91%) | 87 (91%) | 0.857 |
| Clopidogrel | 68 (40%) | 39 (41%) | 0.891 |
| Statin | 147 (86%) | 81 (84%) | 0.724 |
| Oral Hypoglycemic | 20 (12%) | 9 (9%) | 0.559 |
| Insulin | 36 (21%) | 25 (26%) | 0.339 |
| Beta Blocker | 128 (75%) | 75 (78%) | 0.602 |
| Calcium Channel Blocker | 17 (10%) | 10 (10%) | 0.902 |
| ACE-Inhibitor | 99 (58%) | 40 (42%) | 0.009 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), median [25–75% interquartile range (IQR)], or as number (percentage), ACE= angiotensin converting-enzyme, CABG= coronary artery bypass graft surgery, CAD= coronary artery disease, CHF= congestive heart failure, HDL= high density lipoprotein, LDL = low density lipoprotein, MI= myocardial infarction, PCI= percutaneous coronary intervention.
patients treated with antihypertensive medication, and untreated patients with known systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90mmHg
patients with total cholesterol level >200mg/dl, or current use of lipid-lowering drugs
as determined by left ventriculography or transthoracic echocardiography, normal left ventricular systolic function was defined as an ejection fraction of ≥55%, mild to moderately depressed left ventricular function was defined as an ejection fraction of 40–54%, and severely depressed left ventricular systolic function was defined as an ejection fraction of <40%.