Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution mechanism of retinoid isomerization. The key feature is the generation of a carbocation (retinylic cation) intermediate with lowered bond order that allows rotation around the 11–12 bond to occur. Dissociation of the ester moiety can be facilitated by a Brønsted or Lewis acid catalyst (X).
