Table 1.

Distinct reaction of microglia, astrocytes, and satellite glial cells (SGCs) in different pain conditions, as examined by upregulation of the glial markers IBA1, CD11b, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).

Pain conditions	Microglia	Astrocytes	SGCs
Nerve injury	↗	↗	↗
Spinal cord injury	↗	↗
Paw incision	↗	↗
Inflammation	↔/↗	↗	↗
Joint arthritis	↗	↗	↗
Bone cancer	↔/↗	↗	↗
Skin cancer	↔	↗
Chemotherapy	↔/↗	↗	↗
Diabetes	↗	↗
HIV neuropathy	↔	↗
Chronic opioid	↗	↗
Acute opioid	↔	↔	↗

Detailed, with related references, in Section 2.1.

Symbols: Right-upward diagonal arrow (↗) denotes upregulation; right&left horizontal arrow (↔) denotes no regulation; right-downward diagonal arrow (↘) denotes downregulation.