Table 3.
Regulation of receptors, channels, transporters, enzymes, and transcriptional factors in microglia, astrocytes, and satellite glial cells (SGCs) in different pain conditions.
| Pain conditions | Microglia | Astrocytes | SGCs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nerve injury | |||
| P2X4 | ↗ | ↔ | |
| P2X7 | ↗ | ||
| P2Y6 | ↗ | ||
| P2Y12 | ↗ | ↗ | |
| TLR2 | ↔ | ||
| TLR3 | ↔ | ||
| TLR4 | ↗ | ||
| C1q, 3, 4, 5 | ↗ | ↔ | |
| CX3CR1 | ↗ | ↔ | |
| CCR2 | ↗ | ||
| IFN-γ R | ↗ | ||
| Cx43 | ↗ | ↗ | |
| Kir4.1 | ↗ | ↘ | |
| TRPM2 | ↔ | ↔ | |
| GLT-1 | ↘ | ||
| GLAST | ↘ | ||
| COX-1 | ↗ | ||
| COX-2 | ↗ | ||
| NF-kB | ↗ | ↗ | |
| NOX-2 | ↗ | ||
| STAT3 | ↗ | ↗ | |
| c-Jun | ↗ | ||
| CB2 | ↗ | ||
| SCI | |||
| Cx43 | ↗ | ||
| Inflammation | |||
| TLR3 | ↔ | ||
| TLR4 | ↗ | ||
| Cx43 | ↗ | ||
| TRPM2 | ↗ | ||
| GRK2 | ↘ | ||
| ALX | ↘ | ||
| Joint arthritis | |||
| CX3CR1 | ↗ | ||
| Bone cancer | |||
| CX3CR1 | ↗ | ||
| HIV | |||
| TLR2 | ↗ | ||
| TLR9 | ↘ | ||
| Chronic opioid | |||
| P2X4 | ↗ | ||
| P2X7 | ↗ | ||
| TLR2 | ↗ | ||
| TLR4 | ↔ |
Detailed, with related references, in Section 2.3.
Symbols: Right-upward diagonal arrow (↗) denotes upregulation; right&left horizontal arrow (↔) denotes no regulation; right-downward diagonal arrow (↘) denotes downregulation.