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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 5.
Published in final edited form as: Langmuir. 2013 Oct 23;29(44):10.1021/la403237f. doi: 10.1021/la403237f

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Force spectroscopy of cell-cell adhesion using wedged cantilevers. (a) Scanning electron microscopy image of a wedged cantilever prepared using UV-curable glue. (b) Non-destructive method for studying yeast-hyphae adhesion: single yeast cells from Candida albicans (labeled with Con A-FITC, green) were attached on a polydopamine-coated wedged cantilever and approached towards a C. albicans hyphae (Calcofluor White, blue) immobilized on a hydrophobic substrate. (c-f) To measure yeast-hyphae adhesion forces, the yeast cell probe was positioned on top of the yeast region (c, e) or the germ tube region (d, f) of the hyphae, and multiple force-distance curves were recorded (e, f).