Figure 6. Bafilomycin reverses E. ulmoides Oliver extract-induced regulation of ER stress and lipid accumulation.

(A) Cells were treated with 300 μM palmitate and 100 μg/mL EUE, 10 μg/mL aucubin, or 10 μg/mL geniposide in the presence or absence of 10 nM bafilomycin for 12 hours. Immunoblotting was performed using antibodies against GRP78, PERK, p-PERK, CHOP, IRE1-α, p-eIF2α, eIF2α, or β-actin. (B) Images were obtained at 200X magnification for determination of fat accumulation by Oil Red O staining. (C) Cell lysates and media were immunoblotted with anti-ApoA1 or anti-ApoB. (D) Triglycerides and cholesterol levels in lysates or media were measured as described in the Materials and Methods. ^* p<0.05, significantly different from cells treated with palmitate alone. Values are the mean±SE of three independent experiments. Con, control; Pal, palmitate; EUE, E. ulmoides Oliver extracts; Au, aucubin; Geni, geniposide; Bafi, Bafilomycin; CBB, Coomassie brilliant blue staining.