Figure 1. ID injected VitD induces the migration of CD14⁺ DDCs from human skin explants. Six mm biopsies were obtained from human skin immediately after injection of PBS, LPS, VitD or LPS/VitD followed by a 3 d culture. Skin crawl-out DCs were identified by their typical high side (SSC) and forward (FSC) scatter characteristics and the expression of HLA-DR and CD11c. (A) DC counts from one skin biopsy following ID injection. (B) Representative dot plots from each treatment (upper panel), and the percentages (middle panel) and absolute numbers (lower panel) of the three skin DC subsets were determined based on their expression of CD1a, D14 and langerin. Results are the mean ± SEM of 7 independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.