Fig. 1.
B is the total magnetic field and H is the applied magnetic field in a sample. The hysteresis curves of various types of bulk materials are shown here. For the ferromagnetic material (blue), the saturation magnetization (MS), coercivity (HC) and remnant magnetization (Mr) are indicated. The B–H curves of superparamagnetic (green) and paramagnetic (red) materials are also shown; these two types of materials demonstrate no magnetic hysteresis (no area enclosed by B–H the curve) (color online).