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Markov chain of calcium ion channel: The calcium ion channel has 4 subunits. In the state Ci, i – 1 subunits are open. In the states Ij, the channel is inactivated and closed. The ion channel is open only in state O. The rate constants for the opening and closing of each subunit are denoted by α and β. Courtesy of Rasmusson et al.(Bondarenko et al., 2004)
