Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Study Sample
| Age 3 Assessment | Age 6 Assessment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics | ||||
| Child mean age, years (SD) | 3.6 (0.3) | 6.1 (0.4) | ||
| Child sex, female, n (%) | 212 (45.9) | |||
| Child race/ethnicity, n (%) | ||||
| White/non-Hispanic | 401 (86.8) | |||
| Hispanic | 39 (8.4) | |||
| Black/African-American | 7 (1.5) | |||
| Asian | 9 (2.0) | |||
| Other | 6 (1.3) | |||
| Biological parents’ marital status, n (%) | ||||
| Married | 435 (94.2) | 413 (89.4) | ||
| Divorced, separated, or widowed | 9 (1.9) | 32 (6.9) | ||
| Never married | 18 (3.9) | 17 (3.7) | ||
| Parents’ education: graduated college, n (%) | ||||
| Mother | 258 (56.7) | 245 (59.3) | ||
| Father | 209 (46.7) | 195 (47.8) | ||
| Mean child irritability (0–7) (SD) range | .69 (1.27) | 0–7 | .80 1.35 | 0–6 |
| Child psychopathology n (%) | ||||
| Depressive Disorder | 6 (1.3) | 25 (5.4) | ||
| Anxiety Disorder | 89 (19.3) | 72 (15.6) | ||
| ADHD | 11 (2.4) | 25 (5.4) | ||
| Oppositional defiant disorder | 47 (10.2) | 41 (8.9) | ||
| Child functioning | ||||
| Child mean GAF (1–100) (SD; range) | 84.5 (13.76) | 45–100 | 75.31 (11.18) | 42–100 |
| Child mean impairment ratings (SD; range) | .84 (1.45) | 0–8 | 5.40 (3.87) | 0–18 |
| Received referrals for treatment n (%) | 12 (2.6) | |||
| Parental lifetime psychopathology n (%) | ||||
| Depressive Disorder | 194 (42.5) | |||
| Anxiety Disorder | 210 (45.7) | |||
| Substance Use Disorder | 235 (51.5) | |||
| Maternal lifetime depressive disorder | 152 (33.0) | |||
| Maternal lifetime anxiety disorder | 154 (33.3) | |||
| Maternal lifetime substance use disorder | 106 (23.0) | |||
| Paternal lifetime depressive disorder | 79 (17.4) | |||
| Paternal lifetime anxiety disorder | 95 (20.9) | |||
| Paternal lifetime substance use disorder | 179 (39.3) | |||
Note: ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; GAF = Global Assessment of Functioning.