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Effect of Panax quinquefolium 20(S)-protopanaxadiol saponins (PQDS) on oxidative stress induced by cerebral ischemia in brain tissue. The levels of (A) superoxide dismutase (SOD), (B) malondialdehyde (MDA), (C) Ca2+ and (D) Na+-K+-ATPase were measured respectively following 24 h ischemia. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. #P<0.05 compared with sham group; *P<0.05 compared with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group.
