Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics of the patients with chronic low back pain in the groups with and without depression (n=193).

	Depression
Variable	Absent		Present		Total		%
	n	%	N	%	N	%
Sex
F	84	64.1	56	90.3	140	72.5	<0.001
M	47	35.9	6	9.7	53	27.5
Total	131	100.0	62	100.0	193	100.0
Civil Status
Single	43	32.8	18	29.0	61	31.6	0.015
Married	71	54.1	26	41.9	97	50.2
Separated/divorced	11	8.39	16	25.8	27	13.9
Widow/widower	6	4.6	2	3.2	8	4.1
Total	131	100.0	62	100.0	193	100.0
Level of Education
Up to Primary ≤ 4 years	32	24.4	12	19.4	44	22.8	0.325
Secondary > 4 and ≤ 12 years	52	39.7	30	48.3	82	42.5
Higher Education > 12 years	47	36	20	32.3	67	34.7
Total	131	100.0	62	100.0	193	100.0