Table 1.
Selected antimalarial drug target genes and their GO terms.
| Inferred Plasmodium SL genes | Plasmodium GO terms | Yeast homolog genes of Plasmodium | Yeast GO terms |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB000415.02.0 (ADR gene: PfDHFR-TS) | Biological Process: dTMP biosynthetic process, glycine biosynthetic process, one-carbon metabolic process, nucleotide biosynthetic process, oxidation-reduction process; Molecular Function: dihydrofolate reductase activity, thymidylate synthase activity | YOR074C | Biological Process: dTMP biosynthetic process; Molecular Function: thymidylate synthase activity; Cellular Component: nucleus |
| PB000779.01.0 (PB000415.02.0’s neighbor gene) | Molecular Function: nucleic acid binding, DNA binding, helicase activity, ATP binding | YDR334W | Biological Process: chromatin remodeling, histone exchange; Molecular Function: structural molecule activity; Cellular Component: Swr1 complex, nucleus |
| PFD0830w (ADR gene: PfDHFR-TS) | Biological Process: dTMP biosynthetic process, glycine biosynthetic process, one-carbon metabolic process, nucleotide biosynthetic process, oxidation-reduction process; Molecular Function: dihydrofolate reductase activity, thymidylate synthase activity | YOR074C | Biological Process: dTMP biosynthetic process; Molecular Function: thymidylate synthase activity; Cellular Component: nucleus |
| PF08_0048 (PFD0830w’s neighbor gene) | Molecular Function: nucleic acid binding, DNA binding, helicase activity, ATP binding, ATP-dependent helicase activity | YDR334W | Biological Process: chromatin remodeling, histone exchange; Molecular Function: structural molecule activity; Cellular Component: Swr1 complex, nucleus |
| PVX_089950 (ADR gene: PfDHFR-TS) | Biological Process: dTMP biosynthetic process, glycine biosynthetic process, one-carbon metabolic process, nucleotide biosynthetic process, oxidation–reduction process; Molecular Function: dihydrofolate reductase activity, thymidylate synthase activity | YOR074C | Biological Process: dTMP biosynthetic process; Molecular Function: thymidylate synthase activity; Cellular Component: nucleus |
| PVX_089365 (PVX_089950’s neighbor gene) | Molecular Function: nucleic acid binding, DNA binding, helicase activity, ATP binding | YLR085C | Biological Process: chromatin remodeling, histone exchange; Molecular Function: nucleosome binding; Cellular Component: Swr1 complex, cytoplasm |
| PVX_118100 (ADR gene: PfMDR2) | Biological Process: transport, transmembrane transport; Molecular Function: ATP binding, ATPase activity, nucleoside-triphosphatase activity; Cellular Component: integral to membrane | YMR301C | Biological Process: cellular iron ion homeostasis, transmembrane transport; Molecular Function: ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances; Cellular Component: integral to membrane, mitochondrial inner membrane, mitochondrion |
| PVX_099360 (PVX_118100’s neighbor gene) | Biological Process: glutathione biosynthetic process; Molecular Function: glutamate–cysteine ligase activity | YJL101C | Biological Process: glutathione biosynthetic process, response to cadmium ion, response to hydrogen peroxide; Molecular Function: glutamate–cysteine ligase activity; Cellular Component, cytoplasm, intracellular |
In this table, we can see detailed functional information on the drug target candidates. We selected genes which do not have protein similarities between Plasmodium genes and their human orthologs. Interestingly, almost all of the selected genes are connected to interrelated biological functions, such as ATPase activity, ATP binding, and ion transportation. In this table, we compare the GO terms of yeast SL genes with that of Plasmodium SL genes inferred from yeast SL gene pairs. In addition, through PlasmoDB, we investigated similarities to Protein Data Bank chains between the yeast gene and its Plasmodium homolog gene. Although these are examples of similarity in the biological process, molecular function, or cellular component of Plasmodium evolutionary conserved from yeast, their synthetic lethality might conserve in Plasmodium from yeast in the same vein.