Table 1.
Comparative pharmacokinetic parameters of MLs in different species. This table show example of MLs with different kinetic parameters when administered to the same species, with same dose rate and route of administration.
| Administration route (dose) | AUC (ng day/ml) | T1/2 (or MRT) (days) | Vd(/F) (l/kg) | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Humans | Oral (0.5 mg/kg) | ||||
| Ivermectin | 190 ± 79 | 0.8 | – | Cotreau et al. (2003) | |
| Moxidectin | 451 ± 48 | 20.2 | 1.2 | Guzzo et al. (2002) | |
| Pig | i.v. (0.2 mg/kg) | ||||
| Ivermectin | 75 | 1.16 | 5.3 | Craven et al. (2002) | |
| Moxidectin | 271 | 14 | 17.9 | ||
| Cattle | Sc (0.2 mg/kg) | ||||
| Ivermectin | 459 ± 47 | 5.5 | 0.45 | Lanusse et al. (1997) | |
| Moxidectin | 217 ± 15 | 8.9 | 0.94 | ||
| Eprinomectin | 306 ± 77 | 6.8 | Baoliang et al. (2006) | ||
| i.v. (0.07 mg/kg) | |||||
| Ivermectin | 211 ± 48 | 7.8 ± 1.6 | 2.72 | Bousquet-Melou et al. (2004) | |
| Moxidectin | 115 ± 26 | 21.5 ± 1.5 | 14.9 | ||
| Sheep | Sc (0.2 mg/kg) | ||||
| Ivermectin | 230 | 3.7 | – | Marriner et al. (1987) | |
| Moxidectin | 161 | 16 | – | Hennessy et al. (2000) | |
| Goat | Sc (0.2 mg/kg) | ||||
| Ivermectin | 56 | – | Alvinerie et al. (1993) | ||
| Moxidectin | 137 | (12.4) | – | Escudero et al. (1999) | |
| Eprinomectin | 63 ± 23 | (6.6 ± 1.3) | – | Lespine et al. (2003) | |
| Rabbit | Sc (0.3 mg/kg) | ||||
| Ivermectin | 191 | 2.7 | Gokbulut et al. (2010) | ||
| Moxidectin | 83 | 8.2 | |||
| Dog | Oral (0.25 mg/kg) | ||||
| Ivermectin | 233 ± 75 | 3.3 | 1.20 | Al-Azzam et al. (2007) | |
| Moxidectin | 491 ± 96 | 25.9 | 0.53 | ||
AUC, area under the concentration time curve; MRT, mean resistance time; T1/2, elimination half-life; Vd(/F), apparent volume of distribution; Sc, subcutaneous.