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. 2013 May 15;2:178–189. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2013.04.005

Table 7.

Occurrence of single and multiple infections in the four target species infected with at least one species of haemoparasite.

Number infected (% of infected birds)
Indigo Bunting
n = 12a
Northern Cardinal
n = 69
Tufted Titmouse
n = 21
White-throated Sparrow
n = 44
Single parasite
Haemoproteus only 8 (67) 39 (57) 5 (24) 18 (41)
Plasmodium only 3 (25) 7 (10) 4 (19) 2 (5)
Leucocytozoon only 0 3 (4) 2 (10) 9 (20)
Microfilaria only 0 0 0 3 (7)
Trypanosoma only 1 (8) 3 (4) 2 (10) 0



Two parasites
Haemoproteus Plasmodium 0 9 (13) 1 (5) 4 (9)
Haemoproteus Leucocytozoon 0 4 (6) 0 4 (9)
Haemoproteus + microfilaria 0 0 0 2 (5)
Haemoproteus Trypanosoma 0 2 (3) 2 (10) 0
Plasmodium + microfilaria 0 1 (1) 1 (5) 0
Plasmodium Trypanosoma 0 0 4 (19) 0
Leucocytozoon Trypanosoma 0 0 0 1 (2)



Three parasites
Haemoproteus Plasmodium + microfilaria 0 1 (1) 0 0



All five parasites 0 0 0 1 (2)
a

Number of birds infected with at least one parasite type.