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Contingent negative variation. (A) Electrophysiological waveform indicating the CNV, with an early (700–1100 ms) and late (1100–1500 ms) phase at electrode sites C1, C2 and Cz. (B) Topographic maps resulting from condition-wise contrasts in the early and late time window of the CNV (ME = main effect). (C) Correlation between difficulty effect in the reward condition on the late CNV amplitude and target RTs (high minus low task difficulty, respectively).
