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. 2013 Nov 15;188(10):1224–1231. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201302-0341OC

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Copyright © 2013 by the American Thoracic Society

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Figure 1. — 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene copy number at baseline and after rhinovirus (RV) infection and its correlation with inflammatory markers. (A) There is no significant difference between the bacterial load before RV infection in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and control cohorts (P = 0.08). (B and C) After RV infection, there is an increase in bacterial load on Day 15 compared with baseline in (B) the COPD cohort (P = 0.0068) but not in (C) the control cohort (P = 0.072). (D) On Day 15, the bacterial copy number of 16S rRNA correlates with the concentrations of sputum inflammatory cells (P = 0.0001), neutrophils (P = 0.001), and sputum neutrophil elastase levels (P = 0.045) (Spearman’s rank correlation).