Table 4.
Factors associated with elevated BP by gender.
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | ||||
| GGT (U/L) | ≤20 | 21–29 | 30–43 | ≥44 |
| n (%) | 272/1,178 | 374/1,213 | 453/1,167 | 603/1,206 |
| OR (95% CI: lower–upper) | 1.00 | 1.24 (1.02–1.51) | 1.48 (1.21–1.81) | 2.18 (1.76–2.70) |
| ALT (U/L) | ≤19 | 20–27 | 28–38 | ≥39 |
| n (%) | 304/1,191 | 410/1,201 | 464/1,188 | 524/1,184 |
| OR (95% CI: lower–upper) | 1.00 | 1.26 (1.05–1.53) | 1.41 (1.16–1.72) | 1.45 (1.16–1.80) |
| AST (U/L) | ≤24 | 25–30 | 31–36 | ≥37 |
| n (%) | 340/1,214 | 463/1,294 | 408/1,145 | 491/1,111 |
| OR (95% CI: lower–upper) | 1.00 | 1.20 (0.99–1.44) | 0.97 (0.80–1.18) | 1.04 (0.83–1.30) |
| ALP (U/L) | ≤52 | 53–61 | 62–71 | ≥72 |
| n (%) | 437/1,288 | 381/1,106 | 402/1,202 | 482/1,168 |
| OR (95% CI: lower–upper) | 1.00 | 0.94 (0.78–1.12) | 0.86 (0.72–1.03) | 1.16 (0.97–1.38) |
| Women | ||||
| GGT (U/L) | ≤13 | 14–17 | 18–22 | ≥23 |
| Cases/subjects at risk | 142/1,843 | 155/1,386 | 210/1,151 | 342/1,409 |
| OR (95% CI: lower–upper) | 1.00 | 1.15 (0.89–1.48) | 1.46 (1.13–1.88) | 1.28 (0.98–1.66) |
| ALT (U/L) | ≤13 | 14–18 | 19–23 | ≥24 |
| Cases/subjects at risk | 111/1,480 | 187/1,624 | 202/1,248 | 349/1,437 |
| OR (95% CI: lower–upper) | 1.00 | 1.26 (0.97–1.63) | 1.40 (1.07–1.83) | 1.68 (1.27–2.21) |
| AST (U/L) | ≤22 | 23–26 | 27–31 | ≥32 |
| Cases/subjects at risk | 134/1,451 | 172/1,494 | 233/1,434 | 310/1,410 |
| OR (95% CI: lower–upper) | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.73–1.23) | 1.12 (0.86–1.44) | 1.15 (0.87–1.52) |
| ALP (U/L) | ≤42 | 43–51 | 52–63 | ≥64 |
| Cases/subjects at risk | 109/1,556 | 136/1,352 | 254/1,519 | 350/1,362 |
| OR (95% CI: lower–upper) | 1.00 | 1.26 (0.95–1.65) | 1.79 (1.39–2.31) | 1.87 (1.43–2.45) |
Abbreviations: BP = blood pressure; GGT = gamma-glutamyl transferase; ALT = alanine aminotransferase; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; ALP = alkaline phosphatase; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.