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Immunological characteristics of murine PDA. (A) Increase in PDA volume (mean ± SEM) following treatment of mice with α-PD-L1 (n = 6), α-CTLA-4 (n = 6), or control (n = 4) antibodies was measured by ultrasound. (B–D) Induction of IFN-γ secretion by splenic CD8+ T cells from various donor types following stimulation by different sources of pancreatic cells was measured by ELISpot assay (n ≥ 8 in B and D; Mann–Whitney test, n = 4 in C). *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001.
