Table 3. Predictive Value of Various Prognostic Approaches for Independent Ambulation Outcomes 6 Months or 1 Year Postinjury.
| Predictor | Distance (Timing) | N (total) | Subgroups | n (%) | NPV (%) | 95% CI | PPV (%) | 95% CI | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete versus incomplete SCI | 10 m (1 y, 6 mo) | 492 | 32 | ||||||
| Complete | 240 (49) | 91.7 | 87.4–94.8 | 8.3 | 5.2–12.6 | ||||
| Incomplete | 252 (51) | 28.6 | 23.0–34.2 | 71.4 | 65.9–77.0 | ||||
| AIS grades | 10 m (1 y, 6 mo) | 492 | 32 | ||||||
| A | 240 (49) | 91.7 | 87.4–94.8 | 8.3 | 5.2–12.6 | ||||
| B | 66 (13) | 60.6 | 47.8–72.4 | 39.4 | 27.6–52.2 | ||||
| C | 76 (16) | 38.2 | 27.3–50.0 | 61.8 | 50.0–72.8 | ||||
| D | 110 (22) | 2.7 | 0.6–7.8 | 97.3 | 92.2–99.4 | ||||
| SSEP (tibial nerve) | 500 m (6 mo) | 31 | 29 | ||||||
| Absent | ? | 93 | — | 7 | — | ||||
| Present, altered | ? | 30 | — | 70 | — | ||||
| Normal | ? | 0 | — | 100 | — | ||||
| ≥ Household distances (1 y) | 22 | 24 | |||||||
| Absent | 9 (41) | 78 | 40.0–97.2 | 22 | 2.8–60.0 | ||||
| Present | 13 (59) | 8 | 0.0–36.0 | 92 | 64.0–99.8 | ||||
| MEP (anterior tibial muscle) | 500 m (6 mo) | 36 | 25 | ||||||
| Absent | ? | 78 | — | 22 | — | ||||
| Normal | ? | 0 | — | 100 | — | ||||
| MRI (no data available) | — | — | — |
SCI, spinal cord injury; AIS, American Spinal Injury Association/International Spinal Cord Society neurological standard scale; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; CI, confidence interval; MEP, motor evoked potential; SSEP, somatosensory evoked potential.