Table 1.

Studies, stimuli, tasks, Montreal Neurological Institute coordinates and cortical regions involved in either viewing black and white faces or correlated with measures of racial bias

Reference	Stimuli	fMRI task	x	y	z	Amygdala	DLPFC	ACC	FFA
10	Black and white faces	View faces, judge if male or female	−15.4	−6.5	−20.5	X
			10.6	−6.4	−20.9
18	Black and white faces	N-back	−18.1	−5.0	−15.9	X
			35.5	−2.5	8.7
			16.8	−0.06	35.6			X
56	Black and white faces	View faces and remember faces	−34.8	−42.6	−26.7				X
11	Black and white faces	Face to the left or right of fixation	43.4	55.5	19.4		X	X
			36.7	64.1	8.6
			−47.5	47.5	8.3
			7.8	46.4	27.7
			14.1	35.3	11.9
			7.9	23.7	26.5
12	Black and white faces	Face to the left or right of fixation (face shown 30 ms or 525 ms)	18	−6	−12	X
			27	48	24		X
			33	48	36
			24	60	27
			−57	18	36
			−6	36	24			X
			−9	18	33
			3	18	33
			−30	−36	−21				X
			−45	−42	−21
			51	−42	−24
20	Black and white faces	Categorize race of face using pictures, categorize race of face using words or categorize shape of face	28.9	2.2	−21.0	X
			18.1	−10.1	−26.3
			18.1	6.2	−23.4
			15.9	−0.4	−25.0
13	Black and white faces	Yes or no: over 21, vegetable preference or presence of a dot	−20.7	−10.7	−18.9	X
			23.6	−9.5	−19.7
14	Black and white faces	Social categorization task: age Nonsocial categorization task: object visible in array	26.8	−1.0	−20.6	X
			26.8	−3.3	−22.6
			36.7	−44.6	−17.6				X
44	Black and white faces	Race IAT	30	0	−14	X
			30	58	14		X
			32	56	14
			34	48	18
			−8	32	24			X
			8	40	14
			8	34	28
15	Black and white faces, dark or light skin	Face to the left or right of fixation	−27	−0.2	−20.9	X
			17.5	59.5	29.6		X
			−27.6	34.7	42.9
72	Black and white faces	Categorize by group or by race
16	Faces (same- and other-race and self-resembling)	Cyberball	−2	46	12			X
			6	44	2
			16	20	34
99	Black and white faces	View individuals in painful or neutral situations and participant’s rate their empathy	−21.7	−12.3	−13.1	X
			1.7	−6.9	43.1			X
17	Black and white faces	Primed with music: rap, metal or none, view faces (at 32 ms or 525 ms)	−20	−4	−12	X
			32	−2	−18
			36	2	−24
			22	−4	−24
			−48	34	22		X
			−44	36	22
			28	−2	56
			−42	2	46
			38	36	34
			−18	40	26
			−48	18	42
			−32	30	40
			−12	38	44
			22	44	28
			22	32	34
			18	46	28
			−22	10	60
			28	26	44
			22	24	54
83	Black and white faces	View faces and trait words and remember them	40.1	54.5	20.7		X
			−31.6	60.7	−12.3
100	Black and white faces	View individuals in painful or neutral situations and participant’s rate their empathy	40.1	42.6	19.7		X
			1.2	61.8	20.6			X
			−1.9	31.0	24.9
			46.5	−68.8	−12.0				X
79	Black and white faces	Trust game	27	2	−23	X
			−15	−1	−14
			39	20	40		X
			−6	−22	40			X
			−3	41	7