Skip to main content
. 2013 Nov 19;8(11):e80573. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080573

Table 2. The potentially traumatic events assessed in the World Mental Health Surveys.

Event Subtypes Individual Traumatic Events (29)
I. Combat Experience Combat experience (military or non-military) in a war or sectarian violence (e.g. political, religious, or ethnic conflicts)
Purposefully injured, tortured or killed someone
II. Other War Experience Relief worker or peacemaker in war zone or region of sectarian violence
Civilian in war zone
Civilian in region of sectarian violence
Dispatched refugee from a war zone or region of sectarian violence
Witnessed attrocities or carnage
III. Physically abused as a child Beaten up as a child by a caregiver
IV. Physically assaulted or threatened Kidnappped or held captive
Beaten up by someone else
Mugged or threatened with a weapon
V. Physically assaulted or threatened by spouse or romantic partner Beaten up by a spouse or romantic partner
Stalked
VI. Sexually assaulted Raped
Sexually assaulted or molested
VII. Automobile accident Life-threatening automobile
VIII. Other life-threatening accident Toxic chemical exposure
Other life-threatening accident
Other exposure to a made disaster (e.g. fire explosion at a place of work)
Accidentally caused injury or death to someone
IX. Natural disaster Natural disaster (e.g., flood, hurricane, earthquake)
X. Life-threatening illness Life threatening illness or injury
XI. Death Unexpected death of a loved one
XII. Other PLE to a loved one Life-threatening illness of a loved one
Any other trauma experienced by a loved one
XIII. Witnessed a traumatic injury or death Witnessed death/dead body or saw someone seriously hurt
XIV. Witnessed family violence as a child Witnessed repeated physical fights at home as a child
XV. Other Any other objectively qualifying experiences (respondents are asked to describe these experiences)
Private experiences (respondents are explicitly told in advance that they will not be asked to describe these experiences)