Table 2.

Device characteristics

Characteristic
Device, n (%)
VVI	2 (3)
DDD	17 (24)
ICD	26 (37)
CRT-P	7 (9)
CRT-D	19 (27)
Indication for extraction, n (%)
Lead failure	40 (56)
Upgrade	28 (40)
Symptoms	3 (4)
Nature of upgrade, n (%)
PPM to ICD	8 (29)
PPM to CRT-P	9 (32)
ICD to CRT-D	11 (39)
Number of leads extracted, n (%)
Total	129
Passive A/V	40 (31)
Active A/V	33 (26)
ICD	41 (31)
CS	15 (12)
Mean duration of lead implant (months)	80 ± 62

VVI, single-chamber pacemaker (lead in RV); DDD, dual-chamber pacemaker; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; CRT-P, cardiac resynchronization therapy-pacemaker; CRT-D, cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator; PPM, permanent pacemaker; passive A/V, passive fixation atrial/ventricular leads; active A/V, active fixation atrial/ventricular leads; and CS, coronary sinus.