Table 1.
Bisphenol-A by socio-demographic and lifestyle factors in the study sample (n=1586)
| N (%a) or (Mean ± SEM)a | Bisphenol-A (ng/mL) | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | |||
| Overall | 2.0 (1.0, 3.7) | ||
| Sex: | 0.23 | ||
| Male | 797 (47.9) | 2.1 (1.1, 3.7) | |
| Female | 789 (52.0) | 1.9 (0.9, 3.7) | |
| Age (years): | (45.4 ± 0.7) | <0.0001 | |
| 18–19 | 110 (3.9) | 2.6 (1.4, 5.4) | |
| 20–29 | 258 (17.9) | 2.5 (1.4, 4.4) | |
| 30–39 | 259 (18.8) | 2.0 (1.2, 3.4) | |
| 40–49 | 249 (19.9) | 2.1 (1.2, 4.2) | |
| 50–59 | 224 (17.1) | 1.9 (0.9, 3.3) | |
| 60+ | 486 (22.2) | 1.5 (0.8, 2.9) | |
| Race: | 0.62 | ||
| Mexican American b | 305 (8.5) | 1.7 (1.1, 3.2) | |
| Other Hispanic c | 122 (4.5) | 2.0 (1.2, 3.9) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 768 (70.2) | 1.8 (0.9, 3.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 323 (10.9) | 2.6 (1.4, 4.7) | |
| Other | 68 (5.9) | 1.8 (0.9, 2.8) | |
| Education: | 0.27 | ||
| Less than High School | 443 (17.9) | 1.9 (1.1, 3.7) | |
| High School | 407 (26.4) | 2.1 (0.9, 3.8) | |
| More than High School | 734 (55.6) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.6) | |
| Marital status: | 0.003 | ||
| Ever married | 1152 (75.9) | 1.8 (0.9, 3.4) | |
| Never married /Living with partner | 391 (25.0) | 2.6 (1.3, 4.7) | |
| Smoking status: | 0.63 | ||
| Non-smoker | 757 (50.7) | 1.9 (1.0, 3.7) | |
| Ex-smoker | 401 (26.1) | 1.9 (0.9, 3.1) | |
| Current smoker | 315 (23.2) | 2.1 (1.1, 4.1) | |
| Physical activity (METS): | (7.9 ± 0.3) | 0.35 | |
| Q1: 0 | 266 (12.9) | 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) | |
| Q2: >0-<6.8 | 244 (17.7) | 1.9 (0.9, 3.2) | |
| Q3: 6.8-<11.8 | 243 (17.4) | 1.8 (0.8, 3.3) | |
| Q4: ≥ 11.8 | 250 (15.7) | 2.4 (1.3, 4.7) | |
| Missing | 583 (36.3) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.7) | |
| Dietary Energy Intake (kcal): | (2136.7 ± 36.4) | 0.88 | |
| Q1: 621.0-<1480.0 | 334 (19.1) | 1.9 (1.0, 3.5) | |
| Q2: >1480.0-<1971.5 | 336 (21.6) | 1.7 (0.9, 3.6) | |
| Q3: 1971.5-<2528 | 335 (22.4) | 2.1 (1.1, 4.1) | |
| Q4: ≥ 2528 | 336 (23.8) | 2.1 (1.1, 3.5) | |
| Missing | 245 (13.1) | 2.1 (1.1, 4.4) | |
| Creatinine level (mg/dl): | (130.7 ± 2.9) | <0.0001 | |
| Q1: 8-<77 | 396 (23.3) | 0.9 (0.4, 1.6) | |
| Q2: 77-<121 | 393 (25.4) | 1.7 (0.9, 2.9) | |
| Q3: 121-<172 | 400 (27.4) | 2.3 (1.5, 3.7) | |
| Q4: ≥ 172 | 397 (23.7) | 3.6 (2.3, 6.5) |
a
Weighted analyses;
b
NHANES 2005–2006 (Median (IQR)): (1.8 (0.9–3.0)); NHANES 2007–2008 (Median (IQR)): (1.7 (1.1–3.5));
c
NHANES 2005–2006 (Median (IQR)): (2.4 (1.5–3.8)); NHANES 2007–2008 (Median (IQR)): (1.9 (1.0–4.1));
*
P value for ANOVA test involving log-transformed bisphenol-A level with comparisons made across all categories of the covariates; METS=Metabolic Equivalents; Q1=1st quartile; Q2=2nd quartile; Q3=3rd quartile; Q4=4th quartile; SEM=Standard error of mean; IQR=Interquartile range.