Overplotted x–y–z wrist trajectories during the reach-to-grasp (5 trials). The first column in each panel shows reaches before CNQX injections and the second column shows after the CNQX injections. A, Forelimb rDAO inactivation produced repeated grasp attempts, slipping off the handle, and long reaching with relatively normal reach trajectory (2-43). B, rMAO inactivation produced low reaching and grasping difficulties (4-15). C–E, DMCC, cMAO, and β inactivation produced no reaching or grasping deficits (cases 5-34, 6-57, and 3-34, respectively).