Table 3. Years Spent in Various ADL States, by State at Age 65.
|
Initial ADL state |
Initial BMI state |
YOL |
ALE* |
DLE |
Years Under- weight |
Years Normal |
Years Over- weight |
Years Obese |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women | ||||||||
|
ADL
Difficulty |
Underweight | 20.3 | 15.3 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 8.9 | 4.7 | 1.4 |
| Normal | 21.3 | 15.5 | 5.8 | 1.6 | 9.8 | 7.3 | 2.6 | |
| Overweight | 21.9 | 15.6 | 6.3 | 1.0 | 5.7 | 10.6 | 4.6 | |
| Obese | 21.9 | 14.6 | 7.3 | 0.6 | 3.3 | 6.0 | 11.9 | |
| No Diff | Underweight | 21.0−− | 16.9 | 4.1 | 6.2 | 9.0 | 4.6 | 1.3 |
| Normal | 21.8 | 17.1 | 4.7 | 1.7 | 10.6 | 7.1 | 2.4 | |
| Overweight | 22.1++ | 16.8−− | 5.3 | 1.0 | 5.8 | 10.5 | 4.9 | |
| Obese | 22.0 | 15.9 | 6.1 | 0.6 | 3.4 | 6.3 | 11.7 | |
| Men | ||||||||
|
ADL
Difficulty |
Underweight | 14.7 | 11.9 | 2.7 | 4.1 | 5.8 | 4.0 | 0.7 |
| Normal | 15.3 | 12.0 | 3.3 | 0.5 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 1.5 | |
| Overweight | 18.0++ | 13.9++ | 4.1 | 0.3 | 3.9 | 10.2 | 3.6 | |
| Obese | 18.4++ | 13.8 | 4.6 | 0.3 | 2.9 | 7.2 | 8.1 | |
| No Diff | Underweight | 15.2 | 13.2 | 2.0 | 4.3 | 6.0 | 4.1 | 0.7 |
| Normal | 17.9 | 15.4 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 8.0 | 7.7 | 1.6 | |
| Overweight | 18.5 | 15.7 | 2.8 | 0.3 | 4.2 | 11.1 | 2.9 | |
| Obese | 19.2++ | 15.7 | 3.5 | 0.2 | 2.8 | 6.9 | 9.2 |
*
ADL Difficulty means one or more ADL difficulty. No Diff means no ADL difficulties. ALE is active life expectancy (years without ADL difficulties). DLE is “difficult” life expectancy (years with ADL difficulties). YOL is years of life, or life expectancy at age 65.
Significant difference from the normal-weight group (2-tailed p<.05) , based on bootstrap standard errors:
++
indicates significantly more YOL or ALE than in the respective (healthy or sick) normal-weight group
−−
indicates significantly fewer YOL or ALE than in the respective (healthy or sick) normal-weight group