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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 17.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Chem Soc. 2012 Sep 10;134(37):10.1021/ja305720w. doi: 10.1021/ja305720w

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Antibody-switches support the rapid detection of various specific antibodies directly in whole blood with response time constants of less than 5 minutes. Top: The anti- Dig antibody sensor performs similarly well when challenge directly in whole blood and produces a rapid decrease in the current signal with 10 nM of the relevant antibody targets (response time of less than 5 min), but not when the blood is doped with a mixture of 30 nM of an anti-HIV antibody (see below) and a 100-fold higher concentration of random, pooled human IgGs (dotted line). We also tested a switch containing a 14-residue polypeptides epitope taken from the HIV-1 protein gp41 that is specifically recognized by the clinically relevant anti-HIV-antibody AF5. The switch also performed robustly in whole blood with gain (20%), detection limit (10 nM) and response time that compare to those of the anti-Dig-antibody switch. The titrations and kinetics shown in this figure represent the average of measurements conducted with three independently fabricated sensors, with error bars reflecting the standard deviation.