Table 2. Study characteristics accounting for heterogeneity of motor score.

Motor Score		Effect size % (95% CI)	Number of Animals	Number of Comparisons	Adjusted R2	p<
Pooled estimate		27.2 (25.0–29.4)	5,628	312
NBS	Motor tests	−8.1 (−37.7–21.4)	49	3	12.24%	0.00001
	Staircase	−2.0 (−43.3–39.3)	12	1
	BMS	24.5 (11.2–37.7)	196	10
	Multiple tests	24.5 (17.8–31.2)	1,053	56
	BBB	26.7 (23.9–29.4)	4,042	228
	Forelimb placing test	47.9 (18.8–77.1)	76	5
	Tarlov	73.1 (57.5–88.7)	200	9
Location of injury	Cervical	32.2 (12.2–52.3)	156	13	10.64%	0.00001
	Lowerthoracic/lumbar	48.1 (39.7–56.5)	456	28
	Midthoracic	24.9 (22.3–27.5)	5,016	271
Sex	Female	22.9 (19.6–26.3)	2,906	171	9.69%	0.00001
	Male	27.4 (21.7–33.1)	1,704	87
	Unknown	35.7 (27.9–43.5)	676	37
	Both	48.7 (37.6–59.7)	341	17
Immunosuppression	Cyclosporine A/MP	−11.5 (−92.5–69.5)	12	1	5.83%	0.0026
	FK506	11.6 (−8.0–31.2)	80	6
	Cyclosporine A	19.6 (13.7–25.4)	1,242	78
	None	30.2 (27.2–33.1)	4,259	226
	Cyclophosphamide	44.4 (−0.8–89.7)	36	1
Method used to induce SCI	Impactor with spacer	11.6 (−11.3–34.5)	79	5	4.40%	0.0115
	Aneurysm clip	18.7 (7.9–29.4)	356	20
	Impactor	24.1 (20.4–27.8)	2,768	144
	Unknown	27.8 (19.7–36)	665	35
	Balloon compression	28.4 (15.8–41.1)	235	14
	Compression weight	30.1 (20.3–39.9)	544	25
	Blade	33.5 (26.4–40.6)	682	52
	Scissors	42.5 (30–54.9)	278	16
	Filament	79.2 (4.8–53.6)	20	1
Source of cells	Cell line	41.1 (25.1–57.1)	131	7	4.34%	0.0034
	Human	28.0 (21.6–34.3)	1,483	77
	Mouse	18.0 (11.2–24.8)	877	56
	Rat	29.2 (25.9–32.6)	3,136	172
Type of injury	Contusion	23.8 (20.1–27.5)	2,847	149	3.44%	0.0073
	Compression	25.8 (18.8–32.8)	1,135	59
	Transection	30.5 (24.1–37))	928	65
	Hemisection	37.7 (29.1–46.2)	717	38
Blinded assessment of outcome	Not blinded	30.3 (26.8–33.8)	2,975	165	2.21%	0.01
	Blinded	23.6 (18.5–28.7)	2,653	147