Table 4.

Sex Differences in the receipt of Chronic Opioid Therapy in VA patients with chronic non-cancer pain, stratified by age.

Age group in years	Women n=1945) n (%)	Men (n=15,638) n (%)	Unadjusted OR (95%CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)*
18–39 (N = 1846)	475 (24.4)	1371 (8.8)
Women			0.57 (0.41–0.78)	0.57 (0.38–0.86)
40–59 (N = 8868)	1143 (58.8)	7725 (49.4)
Women			0.78 (0.66–0.93)	0.75 (0.66–0.86)
≥60 (N = 6869)	327 (16.8)	6542 (41.8)
Women			0.83 (0.66–1.05)	0.77 (0.61–0.96)

Note. All analyses clustered by VA VISN-20 Site. In all analyses, male is the reference category.

^*Variables in Model: age, average pain score, sex, major depressive disorder, Tobacco use, fibromyalgia, neck pain, arthritis, low back pain, inflammatory bowel disease, neuropathy, marital status, race, service Connection, Charlson Comorbidity Index, multiple pain diagnoses, dysthymia, bipolar disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, other anxiety disorder, alcohol abuse or dependence, cannabis abuse or dependence, opioid abuse or dependence, other drug use or dependence.