Table 6.
Odds ratios (and 95 % CI) of clinically significant depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 22) by the number of stressful life events according to LESS scale after adjusting for all sociodemographic factors as estimated in multivariable logistic regression models
|
Number of events in Less scale |
Unadjusted |
Adjusted† |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) P value | OR (95 % CI) P value | |||
|
Number of events |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
1 |
----------- |
1 |
----------- |
|
1-3 |
1.01 (0.37-2.14) |
0.804 |
0.80 (0.33-1.93) |
0.617 |
|
4-7 |
1.21 (0.52-2.83) |
0.653 |
1.09 (0.46-2.56) |
0.848 |
|
8-11 |
2.10 (0.88-4.10) |
0.093 |
1.85 (0.77-4.43) |
0.168 |
|
12-21 |
3.13 (1.23-7.98) |
0.017 |
2.64 (1.02-6.83) |
0.045 |
|
Age |
|
|
|
|
|
17-20 |
1 |
----------- |
1 |
----------- |
|
21-40 |
1.04 (0.81-1.31) |
0.773 |
1.18 (0.83-1.66) |
0.345 |
|
Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
Male |
1 |
----------- |
1 |
----------- |
|
Female |
1.28 (0.99-1.67) |
0.050 |
1.52 (1.12-2.05) |
0.007 |
|
Place of residence |
|
|
|
|
|
Metropolitan areas |
1 |
----------- |
1 |
----------- |
|
Suburban or rural areas |
1.18 (0.94-1.50) |
0.154 |
1.22 (0.96-1.56) |
0.100 |
|
Ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
|
Cypriot |
1 |
----------- |
1 |
---------- |
|
Greek/Other |
1.32 (0.82-2.13) |
0.253 |
1.15 (0.70-1.90) |
0.574 |
|
Family status |
|
|
|
|
|
Single/divorce |
1 |
----------- |
1 |
---------- |
|
Married/living with partner |
1.28 (0.77-1.90) |
0.072 |
0.96 (0.58-1.60) |
0.897 |
|
Employment |
|
|
|
|
|
Yes |
1 |
----------- |
1 |
---------- |
|
No |
1.63 (0.90-1.47) |
<0.001 |
1.33 (1.00-1.59) |
0.049 |
|
Academic year of study |
|
|
|
|
|
First |
1 |
----------- |
1 |
----------- |
|
Second |
1.37 (1.01-1.86) |
0.041 |
1.30 (0.94-1.78) |
0.120 |
|
Third |
1.09 (0.79-1.51) |
0.590 |
0.93 (0.64-1.34) |
0.687 |
|
Fourth |
1.14 (0.80-1.63) |
0.474 |
0.94 (0.58-1.55) |
0.807 |
|
Faculty |
|
|
|
|
|
Geotechnical sciences and |
1 |
----------- |
1 |
----------- |
|
Environmental management Management and Economics |
1.52 (0.92-2.50) |
0.102 |
1.07 (0.70-1.65) |
0.742 |
|
Applied Arts and Communication |
1.46 (0.90-2.34) |
0.122 |
1.53 (1.03-2.29) |
0.036 |
|
Engineering and Technology |
1.70 (0.90-2.67) |
0.020 |
1.52 (1.06-2.19) |
0.021 |
| Health Sciences | 1.01 (0.67-1.54) | 0.947 | 1.89 (0.37-2.61) | <0.001 |
†Adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, place of residence, family status, employment status, year of study, faculty.