Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of DAISY non-Hispanic white population.
| Characteristic | Development of islet autoimmunity (IA) (n = 1619) | Progression from IA to type 1 diabetes (T1D) (n = 132) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children positive for IA (n = 117) | Children negative for IA (n = 1502) | Univariate HR and 95% CI | P value | IA positive children who progressed to T1D (n = 50) | IA positive children who have not progressed to T1D (n = 82) | Univariate HR and 95% CI | P value | |
| Mean age (years) | 6.2 ± 4.2a | 9.9 ± 5.7b | N/A | N/A | 8.7 ± 3.9c | 14.1 ± 4.2b | N/A | N/A |
| Mean age at first IA positive visit (years) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 3.9 ± 2.9 | 7.2 ± 4.2 | 0.86 (0.77, 0.95) | 0.003 |
| HLA-DR3/4, DQB1*0302 |
43 (36.8%) | 248 (16.5%) | 2.97 (2.01, 4.39) | <0.0001 | 28 (56.0%) | 19 (23.2%) | 2.79 (1.65, 4.72) | 0.0001 |
| First degree relative with T1D | 75 (64.1%) | 737 (49.1%) | 1.41 (0.96, 2.07) | 0.08 | 36 (72.0%) | 54 (65.9%) | 1.02 (0.56, 1.85) | 0.96 |
| Sex (female) | 62 (53.0%) | 712 (47.4%) | 1.22 (0.85, 1.74) | 0.28 | 24 (48.0%) | 44 (53.7%) | 1.03 (0.59, 1.83) | 0.91 |
CI: confidence interval; DAISY: Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young; HLA: human leukocyte antigen; HR: hazard ratio; IA: islet autoimmunity; T1D: type 1 diabetes.
aAge at first IA positive visit.
bAge at last followup.
cAge at T1D diagnosis.