Table 2. Estimated parameters in the three-population IMa2 analysis.
| Parameter | Symbol | Population/divergence/migration |
| Population size parameter (4Neμ) | θSP | Argentine pintails |
| θGE | South Georgia pintails | |
| θFL | Speckled teal | |
| θ0 | 𝚯 ancestral at t0 | |
| θ1 | θ ancestral at t1 | |
| Time since divergence (t) | t0 | Between South Georgia pintails and Argentine pintails |
| t1 | Between pintails and speckled teal | |
| Migration (m/μ) | MSP-GE | Into Argentine pintails from South Georgia pintails |
| MGE-SP | Into South Georgia pintails from Argentine pintails | |
| MSP-FL | Into Argentine pintails from speckled teal | |
| MFL-SP | Into speckled teal from Argentine pintails | |
| MGE-FL | Into South Georgia pintails from speckled teal | |
| MFL-GE | Into speckled teal from South Georgia pintails |