Table 1. Khao Yai white-handed gibbons present during the study period.

Group	Female	Primary male	Secondary male	Subadult*
A	Andromeda	Chuū‡	Cassius II.
			Christopher
B	Baak	Chet	–
C	Cassandra	Chana	–
D	Daow	David	–	Dodo
E	Emanuelle**	Fearless	–
H	Hannah	Felix	–	Henry
J	Jojo	Lung°	–
M	Rung	Chikyu‡	–
N	Hima	Nithat	Claude
			Noi
NOS	Nasima	Nissan	Nostradamus	Nosi
R	Brit	Elias°	–
S	Sophi	Shaft	Samran°
T	Brenda	Amadeus‡	–
W	Wolga	Wotan	–	William
Total		14	6	4

^*: individual males for which only descriptive analysis is available (see Table 4);

^**: H. pileatus female coupled with a lar male for several years;

^°: animals excluded from analysis (N = 3) because of missing samples;

^‡: animals excluded from analysis (N = 3) because no male solo songs were recorded (only duets were available).

Only adult males were considered in the analysis.