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. 2013 Aug 14;101(1):120–129. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvt197

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Calcineurin–NFAT directly regulates Smad2 expression in epicardial cells. (A) Sequence alignment of the Smad2 promoter from rat, human and rhesus macaque. Peak heights indicate degree of sequence homology. Black boxes (s1–s5) are regions of high sequence homology containing Nfat binding site (GGAAA) and were further analysed by ChIP. Red, promoter elements. Green, transposons/simple repeats. (B) Quantitation of Nfatc4 ChIP on the Smad2 promoter in control or 500 ng/mL CsA-treated rat EMC cells. Data shown are means ± SEM. P-value: Student's t-test. Error bar: SEM, standard error of the mean. (C) Luciferase reporter assay of the Smad2 promoter (7.5 kb, −7028 to +490) in 293 T cells. Data shown are means ± SEM. P-value: Student's t-test. Error bar: SEM, standard error of the mean. (D) Calcineurin–NFAT signalling functions during distinct time windows to regulate cardiovascular development. (E) Working model of cross-talk between calcineurin–NFAT and TGFβ signalling and molecular signals between epicardial and myocardial cells during coronary vessel development. EMT, epithelial to mesenchymal transition; TF, transcription factor; CaN, calcineurin; P, phosphate.