Figure 4.

Patients with detectable ctDNA following resection of colorectal liver metastasis, recurrence was universal. A: Depiction of process by which ctDNA is detected and amplified from the specimen and plasma of patients; B: Representative flow cytometric data of ctDNA of one subject who underwent resection of colorectal liver metastasis. Note that the notable difference in recurrence-free survival in subjects with detectable vs undetectable ctDNA (from Diehl et al[141]). Used with permission. PCR: Polymerase chain reaction.