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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Birth. 2013 Dec;40(4):10.1111/birt.12065. doi: 10.1111/birt.12065

Table 3.

Maternal fear of birth and mode of delivery and risk of having a negative birth experience*

Fear of childbirth
Mode of delivery Low
Intermediate
High
Noa ORb (95% CI) Noa ORb (95% CI) Noa ORb (95% CI)
Non-instrumental vaginal delivery 443 1.00c 1060 2.52 (1.62-3.92) 378 5.13 (3.20-8.23)
Planned cesarean section 27 1.30 (0.29-5.83) 92 3.80 (1.96-7.36) 36 5.99 (2.57-13.95)
Instrumental vaginal delivery 66 1.96 (0.81-4.76) 136 6.11 (3.50-10.65) 59 10.35 (5.25-20.39)
Unplanned cesarean section 156 2.99 (1.63-5.46) 414 8.48 (5.38-13.37) 138 12.25 (7.19-20.86)
*

Includes the quintile (20%) of women with the most negative birth experience

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval.

a

No. Denotes number of women included in the analyses

b

OR denotes odds rations, which are adjusted for social support, education and planned pregnancy.

c

The women in this group served as the reference group.